“Henry Clay,” lithograph, ca. 1832, published by Endicott & Swett, New York. This disturbing image depicts a skeletal Medusa, accompanied by the Devil, urging a crowd of people to drink. Temperance campaigns gained traction in the 1830s, as did crusades for diet reform, such as the one promoted by Sylvester Graham. Courtesy of Library of Congress.

Henry Clay made his second presidential run in 1832. His reputation for card-playing and carousing notwithstanding, Clay appealed directly to evangelical Christian voters by offering a Senate resolution calling for a national day of fasting, humiliation, and prayer, something that the incumbent president, Andrew Jackson, had refused to do.

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